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Sea snakes
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by Naya on September 16, 2003
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1. What is the venemous state ( what is the maximum time peroid of surviving with out medication ) of the following sea snake genera? Hydrophis, Kerilia, Lapemis & Pelamis
2. What are the symptoms of sea snake bites
3. Any anti- venom available ??
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RE: Sea snakes
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by Naja_oxiana on September 16, 2003
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1. What is the venemous state ( what is the maximum time peroid of surviving with out medication ) of the following sea snake genera? Hydrophis, Kerilia, Lapemis & Pelamis
This is really difficult to say due to the fact that every bite is different. I'd have to check some books this evening and get back to you.
2. What are the symptoms of sea snake bites
From what i hear they hurt like hell. They are Elapids so I am going to assume that, given their environment and natural history, a primarily neurotoxic venom is most useful for them. I seem to recall that there are significant myotoxins in some venoms though. http://www.venomdoc.com should have most of this information.
3. Any anti- venom available ??
Yes, Commonwealth Serum Labs (CSL) in Australia makes several antivenoms which will be useful with most of the world's sea snakes.
Cheers,
Roger
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RE: Sea snakes
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by BGF on September 24, 2003
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>1. What is the venemous state ( what is the maximum time peroid of surviving with out medication ) of the following sea snake genera? Hydrophis, Kerilia, Lapemis & Pelamis
Some sea snake bites will kill you, others are much less likely. One of the greatest myths about sea snakes has been that their venom is far more toxic than any land snake. This is simply wrong. The most toxic sea snake (Duboi's sea snake, Aipysurus duboisii), is still less toxic than the inland taipan (numbero uno) and the eastern brown snake (numero dos). On the other hand, is the equally wrong myth that they have such tiny fangs that they can only bite you between the fingers. Sea snakes are simply good little Australian snakes that spent a day at the beach and never left ;-) The fangs vary in length just as much as the land snakes do, ranging from tiny to almost a centimeter long! Venom yields also vary accordingly, ranging from bugger all to 150 milligrams or more put out by the Stoke's sea snake (Astrotia stokesii).
>2. What are the symptoms of sea snake bites
Speaking from personal experience, pain pain pain. The venom is about a 50/50 mixture of neurotoxins and myotoxins. The pain is from the muscle damage caused by the myotoxins and first shows up as an awful ache in the lower back and the goes from there. My bite took me 8 months to recover (from a horned sea snake, Acalyptophis peronii).
>3. Any anti- venom available ??
There is one, a monovalent antivenom against the beaked sea snake. However, the sea snake venoms are remarkably simple in comparison to the land snakes (containing less numbers of toxins and less variance from venom to venom) and therefore this antivenom is able to neutralise the venoms of species in other genera. A much higher level of cross-reactivity than is found in comparative land snake venoms.
We just published a study that has a heap of sea snake venom in it.
http://www.venomdoc.com/downloads/BGF_Colubroidea_RCMS.pdf
Cheers
B
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