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Statistics?
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by celticvamp on January 6, 2011
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I've always wanted to collect what statistics conserning anything venomous I possibly could to use for educating others at presentations or displays. I was wondering what kind of statistics anyone here knows they could share hopefully United States based. I know many aren't with solid data or evidence but if it's even something that could be used that can't be argued with would be better than nothing. Examples of what I'm looking for are and I welcome any corrections.
Over 65% of all first bites being dry bites while over 90% of all second bites being envenomations.
Over 85% of all venomous bites being on the hands and lower arms.
Over 95% of all venomous bites being to men
Less than 5% being a true accident and the animal not being provoked.
In the U.S. over 10,000 people bitten by venomous snakes and average less than 15 deaths a year.
Also number of deaths due to other animals every year could be helpful (?deaths a year due to dogs, lifestock, deer, insects).
I've also alaways looked for the number of deaths thought to be directly related to rodent spread diseases.
Thank you very much for any input anyone can give me.
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RE: Statistics?
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by Crotalusssp on January 6, 2011
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Seems like there is a statistic stating that about 40-50% of bites involve alcohol. I am not certain of the exact number, but this is a very interesting fact also.
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RE: Statistics?
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by celticvamp on January 6, 2011
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I honestly can't remember exactly where I got any of my numbers. I have attended quite a few presentations and tried my best to remember the numbers when I hear them. I know many may not be accurate that's why I did ask for correction if needed. I know a few of my numbers come from Roark Fergason from the best of my memory. He rattles off a lot of statistics and numbers. I know it's fantastic to have research and data results resources I have tried tracking down some. It's not easy to find them though.
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RE: Statistics?
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by CanadianSnakeMan on January 6, 2011
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These are some excerpts from that report that I've spent over a year wriring to lobby my municipality to life the ban on reptiles as pets:
The US also has venomous snakebite as a health concern. Venomous species of snakes have a natural range in most of the continental landmass of the US except for Alaska. Private citizens are also allowed to keep venomous snakes in several states. Between 2001 and 2004, 9873 snakebites were treated in US emergency departments annually. Venomous snakes accounted for 3188 bites, and 6684 bites were from nonvenomous or unspecified snake types. Of the total number of venomous and nonvenomous snakebites recorded, 3.8% were the result of an interaction with a pet or captive snake, 6.8% involved an intentional interaction with a wild snake and 23.4% were accidental interactions. In this study, which was conducted using hospital records, 65.9% of cases did not give enough information to ascertain a cause for the snakebite [45, 46]. It was not specified what proportion of the 3.8% bitten by pet snakes were from venomous species. Another study conducted over a 20 year period from 1979 to 1998, state total mortality from venomous snakebite at 97 deaths nationwide in that time period [47].
[45] O'Neil Mary Elizabeth; Mack, Karin A; Gilchrist, Julie; Wozniak, Edward J. 2007. Snakebite Injuries Treated in United States Emergency Departments, 2001–2004. Wilderness & Environmental Medicine 18(4):281-287.
http://www.wemjournal.org/wmsonline/?request=get-document&issn=1080-6032&volume=018&issue=04&page=0281
[46] Juckett, Gregory, M.D., M.P.H., and Hancox, John G., M.D. 2002. Venomous Snakebites in the United States: Management Review and Update. American Family Physician Vol. 65/No 7.
http://www.aafp.org/afp/20020401/1367.html
[47] The Southern Medical Association. 2004. Reptile envenomation 20-year mortality as reported by US medical examiners.
http://www.thefreelibrary.com/Reptile+envenomation+20-year+mortality+as+reported+by+US+medical...-a0120354583
In Nicaragua, a country with 5.5 million people, snakebite is endemic and the health system isn't the best. Despite this fact, snakebite accounts for only 0.37 deaths per million people (approximately 2 deaths per year).
[11] Nationmaster.com. 2009. Mortality Statistics
http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/mor_con_wit_oth_spe_ven_ani-contact-other-specified-venomous-animals
Cats and dogs have been implicated in the spread of Yersinia pestis (commonly known as The Plague), which can produce a virulent bacterial infection of mammals. Wild mammals such as rabbits, ground squirrels and wood rats are commonly affected and the disease is spread to dogs and cats either by airborne droplet inhalation, mucous membrane contact with tissues of infected rodents or by the bites of rodent fleas. Pets in turn spread the bacterium to humans through similar means as well as bites and scratches. The disease progresses rapidly and, as history has proven, the mortality rate without treatment is extremely high [72]. In the US between 1977 and 1998, 274 reported cases of human plague occurred with 23 of those being cat related. Of those cases, close face-to-face contact between cats and pet owners could serve to explain the much higher than average occurrence of pneumonic plague. Five of the 23 cat related cases proved fatal [73].
[72] The Merck Veterinary Manual. 2008. Plague: Introduction
Retrieved from: http://www.merckvetmanual.com/mvm/index.jsp?cfile=htm/bc/51900.htm
On: 19 Aug 2010
[73] Gage, Kenneth L. et. al. 2000. Cases of Cat-Associated Human Plague in the Western US, 1977–1998. Clinical Infectious Diseases 2000;30:893–900
In the United States, a country with 72 million dogs, 4.5 million dog bites are recorded annually, with one in five requiring medical attention [1, 23]. The Canadian per capita rate of deaths from dog attacks match up with those in the US, with 1-2, and 15 deaths per year respectively [23].
[1] American Veterinary medical Association. 2009. Market Research Statistics – U.S. Pet Ownership - 2007
http://www.avma.org/reference/marketstats/ownership.asp#companion
[23] Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2009.
http://www.cdc.gov/HomeandRecreationalSafety/Dog-Bites/biteprevention.html
Instances of livestock lost to animals between 1960 and 1974 in Iowa, USA were investigated (Boggess et. al. 1978). Out of 5800 livestock animals lost in that period, feral dogs were considered responsible for the deaths of 49% of sheep, 45% of cattle, 66% of swine and 82% of poultry [36]. Newer statistics generated by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) indicate that livestock losses from feral dogs have increased over the past 10 years across the US. The 2009 report claims damage done by these animals to livestock amounts to >$620 million (US) annually [74].
[36] Boggess, E. K., R. D. Andrews, and R. A. Bishop. 1978. Domestic animal losses to coyotes and dogs in Iowa. J. Wildl. Manage. 42:362-372.
[74] Bergman, David et. al. 2009. Dogs Gone Wild: Feral Dog Damage in the United States. Proceedings of the 13th WDM Conference (2009) p. 177
Retrieved from: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1866&context=icwdm_usdanwrc
On: 26 Aug 2010
In British Columbia over a 29 year period, 16 fatalities were connected to insect envenomations. Of these, 7 were wasp stings, 5 were bee stings and 4 were from unidentified insects [53]. It was not specified whether any of the bee envenomations were from domestic or wild bees, but honey bees themselves were introduced to the Americas by settlers in the 1600s, so it stands to reason that humans are ultimately to blame for many bee-related fatalities [65].
[53] British Columbia Vital Statistics Agency. 1998. Quarterly Digest. Volume 8 – Number 1 and 2. December 1998
http://www.vs.gov.bc.ca/stats/quarter/q1_2_98/index.html
[65] Science Daily. 2006. Research Upsetting Some Notions About Honey Bees. Dec. 29, 2006
Retrieved from: http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2006/12/061211220927.htm
On: 10 March 2010
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RE: Statistics?
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by CanadianSnakeMan on January 6, 2011
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Addendum to last post:
By way of a typo, I neglected to cite one of my sources in the first paragraph, so here it is. I retrieved the Canadian dog bite statistics from this page. I have modified my paper accordingly.
[24] Raghavan, Malathi. 2008.The Canadian Veterinary Journal - 2008 June; 49(6): pp. 577–581.
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2387261
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