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Survey Date Survey Question January 23, 2014 Most venomous/toxic Naja species in the world? I have read that the Philippine cobra is the most venomous (mice, 0.2 mg/kg SC with the lowest reported value being 0.14 mg/kg SC) (Brown, 1973). I have recently, come across something in the Indian Journal of Experimental Biology (Vol. 30, (issue 12), pages: 1158-1162, 1992) which stated that the LD50 for Naja oxiana was the most toxic/venomous (mice, 0.18 mg/kg SC and lowest reported value was 0.10 mg/kg). Along with that, the mortality rate for untreated Naja oxiana bites are the highest among all Naja species (70-80%). N.oxiana also produced the lowest known lethal dose (LCLo) of 0.005 mg/kg, the lowest among all cobra species ever recorded, derived from an individual case of poisoning by intracerebroventricular injection. Following N. oxiana and N. philippinensis are N. melanoleuca at 0.225 mg/kg SC and then N. samarensis at 0.23 mg/kg. The water cobras (N. annulata and N. christyi also have very toxic venoms, but no SC values are listed. Only intraperitoneal (IP) values of 0.143 mg/kg for N. annulata and 0.12 mg/kg for N. christyi. IP values tend to be generally lower (more toxic than subcutaneous values, so it would be unfair to compare their IP results to the subcutaneous (SC) results of other Naja species. Then I have heard that (without solid evidence) that Naja nivea is the most venomous, although their murine SC LD50 range anywhere from 0.4 mg/kg (Toxicon, Vol. 5, issue 1, page 47, 1967) to 0.72 mg/kg (Australian venoms and toxins Databse). So which is the most venomous? To me it seems obvious that it is the Caspian or Oxus cobra (Naja oxiana), followed by the Philippine cobra (Naja philippinensis). What do you think or know? I've noticed that the Australian venom and toxin Database seems to have higher LD50 values for all snakes across the board. For example, for the black mamba IP value of 0.01 mg/kg is listed (http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/004101018890219X) and Ernst and Zug et al 1996, list a SC value of 0.05 mg/kg for the black mamba. While the Australian venom and toxin Database listed much less toxic LD50's. So there seems to be a lot of variation. September 16, 2013 Deadliest Bite? October 9, 2012 Vote for your favorite cage manufacturer. Your enclosures of choice. January 11, 2013 What door do you prefer on your cages? May 14, 2011 POLL on HB 1788 and Herp Stamp Usage in TEXAS http://www.capitol.state.tx.us/tlodocs/82R/billtext/pdf/HB01788I.pdf#navpanes=0. If HB 1788 were to pass in Texas, I would: July 5, 2010 In your professional opinion what state has the biggest population of Canebrake Rattlesnakes? August 20, 2010 What spitting cobra is your favorite May 3, 2010 In your opinion has, the reptile ban proposals in the US (Burmese Pythons etc)changed your opinions about politics? February 11, 2010 Do you have imediate access to antivenoms? If not, what is your plan of action/do you have one? June 3, 2010 How do you think these animal shows could BETTER EDUCATE AND EXCITE THE PUBLIC towards conservation? June 6, 2013 IF the science of self-immunization for a snake envenomation was proven/perfected what is the least benefit(percentage) you would accept before practicing it on yourself? March 26, 2010 if there was only two of every snake left in the world what would you do? November 14, 2009 Out of these snakes; which would you least like to run into? July 21, 2009 In your oppinion, what is the biggest threat to herpetology? May 27, 2009 Do you think the venomous snake population is dwindleing in your local area? April 22, 2009 Do you think industry should do more to keep irresponsible snake breeders/retailers from ruining our reputations? November 13, 2013 What's Your Favorite Venomous Snake? March 16, 2009 Are you in favor of accepting the new mDNA / Nuclear DNA way of classifying snakes? February 17, 2009 What are hotherp keepers ideas of saftey, keeping venomous? August 27, 2008 If you could have a great snake adventure,only in the USA where would it be? June 10, 2008 Should we give Nick a 2nd chance? May 9, 2008 If you could create your own hybrid "Super Snake" (with no ill genetic side effects) what would it be? January 2, 2009 Which of these snakes would you least want to be bitten by? March 19, 2008 What is the best tool for handling hots? November 28, 2007 If an antivenin co-op existed in your state, would you?.........

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